Skin cancer
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer and it is estimated that at least one in five Americans will develop skin cancer during their lifetime. It can occur at any age, but occurs most commonly as patients get older. You can prevent and skin cancer by seeking shaded areas, avoiding intense sun, covering up, and wearing sunscreen with an SPF 30 or higher.
Perform monthly self-skin checks to look for suspicious spots on your body and see a board-certified dermatology once or twice a year for full-body skin examinations.
Types of skin cancer
Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the most common forms of skin cancer. They arise on the top layer of the skin. While they can appear on any part of the body, they are usually detected on sun-exposed areas like the face, ears, scalp, shoulders, and neck.
BCC frequently appears as a pink or pearly bump, while SCC usually appears as a pink scaly area. These cancers can lead to disfigurement and may even spread if not treated.
Melanoma
Melanoma may appear from a new mole or from an existing mole. The most common areas for development are the upper back, torso, lower legs, head, and neck. Melanoma rates have been rising over time. Because melanoma may spread to lymph nodes and internal organs, early detection and treatment are essential.
It is important to see your dermatologist for any new, rapidly growing moles, or moles that change, itch, or bleed.
Risk Factors
Exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun and from indoor tanning beds is the most common preventable risk factor for skin cancer.
The risk of melanoma is increased in patients with more than 50 moles, large or atypical moles, sun-sensitive skin, a history of tanning and sunburns, and those who have a relative with melanoma.
Individuals with a history of basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma have an increased risk of developing additional skin cancers, including melanoma.
Sun safety
The American Academy of Dermatology recommends that everyone:
1. Seek shade – The sun’s ray’s are the strongest between 10 AM and 2 PM.
2. Wear sun protective clothing, including long-sleeved shirt, pants, a wide brimmed hat, and sunglasses. Try to find clothes with built-in UV protection
3. Apply a broad-spectrum, water-resistent sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher. This should be applied 15 minutes prior to going outside. Sunscreen should be reapplied every 2 hours or after swimming or seating.
4. Avoid tanning beds, which can cause skin cancer and premature aging.